A comprehensive introduction to Docker, covering essential commands, Dockerfiles, and an example of building and managing an RStudio Docker image.

This document provides a comprehensive introduction to Docker, a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers. It covers the essential Docker commands for managing images and containers, from pulling and running images to stopping and deleting containers. The guide also explains the role of Dockerfiles in building custom images and provides a practical example of creating an RStudio image with Tidyverse pre-installed. This document is designed to be a helpful resource for anyone getting started with Docker.

Download docker

https://www.docker.com/

check docker version

Code

docker --version

open docker app and check docker info

Code

docker info

download docker image from docker hub

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docker pull alpine

list all downloaded docker images

Code

docker images

run docker from image

Code

docker run alpine

list all running docker containers

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docker ps

list all docker containers, running or previously run

Code

docker ps -a --size

run docker alpine linux terminal in mac

Code

docker run -it --rm alpine /bin/ash

Docker file

A Dockerfile is a text file with instructions to build a Docker Image

When we run a Dockerfile, Docker image is created

When we run the docker image, containers are created

There is a example to bulid a Rstudio Docker with tidyverse

create Docker file

Code

tidyverse_4.3.3.Dockerfile

FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:jammy

ENV R_VERSION="4.3.3"
ENV R_HOME="/usr/local/lib/R"
ENV TZ="Etc/UTC"

COPY scripts/install_R_source.sh /rocker_scripts/install_R_source.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/install_R_source.sh

ENV CRAN="https://p3m.dev/cran/__linux__/jammy/2024-04-23"
ENV LANG=en_US.UTF-8

COPY scripts/bin/ /rocker_scripts/bin/
COPY scripts/setup_R.sh /rocker_scripts/setup_R.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/setup_R.sh

COPY scripts/install_tidyverse.sh /rocker_scripts/install_tidyverse.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/install_tidyverse.sh

ENV S6_VERSION="v2.1.0.2"
ENV RSTUDIO_VERSION="2023.12.1+402"
ENV DEFAULT_USER="rstudio"

COPY scripts/install_rstudio.sh /rocker_scripts/install_rstudio.sh
COPY scripts/install_s6init.sh /rocker_scripts/install_s6init.sh
COPY scripts/default_user.sh /rocker_scripts/default_user.sh
COPY scripts/init_set_env.sh /rocker_scripts/init_set_env.sh
COPY scripts/init_userconf.sh /rocker_scripts/init_userconf.sh
COPY scripts/pam-helper.sh /rocker_scripts/pam-helper.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/install_rstudio.sh

EXPOSE 8787
CMD ["/init"]

COPY scripts/install_pandoc.sh /rocker_scripts/install_pandoc.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/install_pandoc.sh

COPY scripts/install_quarto.sh /rocker_scripts/install_quarto.sh
RUN /rocker_scripts/install_quarto.sh

COPY scripts /rocker_scripts

bulid Docker image from dockerfile

Code

docker build -f tidyverse_4.3.3.Dockerfile -t proj:myapp .

run Docker image

Code

docker run -p 8787:8787 proj:myapp

run at backend

Code

docker run -d proj:myapp

Rstuido server is open at: http://localhost:8787/

user name is rstudio

password is show on terminal

go inside docker containers with containers id

Code

docker exec -it b28a1b8eeeb6 sh

exit docker linux

Code

exit

stop container with container id

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docker stop b28a1b8eeeb6

restart container with container id

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docker start b28a1b8eeeb6

delete a stop container

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docker rm -f b28a1b8eeeb6

delete image with image id

Code

docker rmi -f 7e1a4e2d11e2

--- title: "Docker使用介绍" subtitle: "Docker intro" author: "Tony D" date: "2025-03-24" categories: - Tool image: "images/1_2QYim4bJ9LyO1pziQNJXMA.jpg" execute: warning: false error: false eval: false --- A comprehensive introduction to Docker, covering essential commands, Dockerfiles, and an example of building and managing an RStudio Docker image. This document provides a comprehensive introduction to Docker, a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers. It covers the essential Docker commands for managing images and containers, from pulling and running images to stopping and deleting containers. The guide also explains the role of Dockerfiles in building custom images and provides a practical example of creating an RStudio image with Tidyverse pre-installed. This document is designed to be a helpful resource for anyone getting started with Docker. ![](images/my screenshots 1.png) # Download docker https://www.docker.com/ # Login docker hub https://hub.docker.com/ # check docker version ```{bash} docker --version ``` # open docker app and check docker info ```{bash} docker info ``` # download docker image from docker hub ```{bash} docker pull alpine ``` # list all downloaded docker images ```{bash} docker images ``` # run docker from image ```{bash} docker run alpine ``` # list all running docker containers ```{bash} docker ps ``` # list all docker containers, running or previously run ```{bash} docker ps -a --size ``` # run docker alpine linux terminal in mac ```{bash} docker run -it --rm alpine /bin/ash ``` # Docker file A Dockerfile is a text file with instructions to build a Docker Image When we run a Dockerfile, Docker image is created When we run the docker image, containers are created There is a example to bulid a Rstudio Docker with tidyverse ## create Docker file ```{r filename='tidyverse_4.3.3.Dockerfile'} FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:jammy ENV R_VERSION="4.3.3" ENV R_HOME="/usr/local/lib/R" ENV TZ="Etc/UTC" COPY scripts/install_R_source.sh /rocker_scripts/install_R_source.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/install_R_source.sh ENV CRAN="https://p3m.dev/cran/__linux__/jammy/2024-04-23" ENV LANG=en_US.UTF-8 COPY scripts/bin/ /rocker_scripts/bin/ COPY scripts/setup_R.sh /rocker_scripts/setup_R.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/setup_R.sh COPY scripts/install_tidyverse.sh /rocker_scripts/install_tidyverse.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/install_tidyverse.sh ENV S6_VERSION="v2.1.0.2" ENV RSTUDIO_VERSION="2023.12.1+402" ENV DEFAULT_USER="rstudio" COPY scripts/install_rstudio.sh /rocker_scripts/install_rstudio.sh COPY scripts/install_s6init.sh /rocker_scripts/install_s6init.sh COPY scripts/default_user.sh /rocker_scripts/default_user.sh COPY scripts/init_set_env.sh /rocker_scripts/init_set_env.sh COPY scripts/init_userconf.sh /rocker_scripts/init_userconf.sh COPY scripts/pam-helper.sh /rocker_scripts/pam-helper.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/install_rstudio.sh EXPOSE 8787 CMD ["/init"] COPY scripts/install_pandoc.sh /rocker_scripts/install_pandoc.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/install_pandoc.sh COPY scripts/install_quarto.sh /rocker_scripts/install_quarto.sh RUN /rocker_scripts/install_quarto.sh COPY scripts /rocker_scripts ``` ## bulid Docker image from dockerfile ```{bash} docker build -f tidyverse_4.3.3.Dockerfile -t proj:myapp . ``` ## run Docker image ```{bash} docker run -p 8787:8787 proj:myapp ``` run at backend ```{bash} docker run -d proj:myapp ``` Rstuido server is open at: http://localhost:8787/ user name is rstudio password is show on terminal ## go inside docker containers with containers id ```{bash} docker exec -it b28a1b8eeeb6 sh ``` exit docker linux ```{bash} exit ``` ## stop container with container id ```{bash} docker stop b28a1b8eeeb6 ``` ## restart container with container id ```{bash} docker start b28a1b8eeeb6 ``` ## delete a stop container ```{bash} docker rm -f b28a1b8eeeb6 ``` ## delete image with image id ```{bash} docker rmi -f 7e1a4e2d11e2 ```